A DDoS extortion attack, also known as a ransom DDoS (RDDoS) attack, occurs when cybercriminals threaten individuals or organizations with a DDoS incursion unless an extortion demand is paid. These demands call for payment in cryptocurrency in order to avoid traceability by law enforcement authorities. DDoS extortion/RDDoS attacks should not be confused with ransomware attacks, in which malicious software encrypts an organization’s systems and databases, preventing legitimate owners and users from accessing them until the ransom is paid.